Formulas & Glossary
This page provides an overview of key terms and concepts that describe the functional principles behind our product formulations.
In essence, our approach combines signal peptides (biological activation signals) with metabolically relevant building blocks (nutritional substrates), ensuring optimized bioavailability in targeted cellular environments. The goal is to support physiological processes in cartilage, bone, and connective tissue as well as during physical load and recovery.
Anabolic / Catabolic Balance
The anabolic–catabolic balance describes the relationship between building (anabolic) and breakdown (catabolic) processes in metabolism.
Both processes are essential. The key factor is a dynamic balance that adapts to physiological demands and overall metabolic state.
Cellular Renewal
Cellular renewal primarily takes place during anabolic phases, when new cellular structures are formed and damaged components are repaired.
Catabolic processes provide energy and molecular building blocks by breaking down nutrients and existing structures as part of normal metabolism.
Load & Metabolic Stress
Following physical exertion (e.g. sport or mechanical strain), catabolic activity may temporarily increase.
Recovery phases, adequate sleep, energy intake, and targeted nutrients support the return to anabolic balance and contribute to physiological regeneration processes.
Trigger Sequences (Signal Peptides)
Cells do not renew in a strictly programmed cycle; instead, they require biological activation signals.
These signals are known as signal peptides or trigger sequences. They initiate cascades that regulate catabolic and anabolic phases of cellular turnover.
In vitro / In vivo
In vitro refers to experiments conducted outside a living organism, such as in cell cultures or laboratory systems.
In vivo refers to processes studied within a living organism, where metabolism, immune function, and systemic interactions are present.
While in vitro studies allow controlled measurement of specific mechanisms, they cannot fully replicate the complexity of whole-organism physiology. Therefore, in vivo validation is essential.
Example: Nutrient Processing in Living Systems
In cell culture, nutrients and signaling compounds are directly available to cells under controlled conditions.
In living organisms, nutrients must first undergo digestion and metabolism. Proteins are broken down into amino acids and later reassembled into functional structures, including signaling peptides.
This fundamental difference explains why laboratory findings must always be interpreted within the context of whole-organism physiology.
Aggrecan & Collagen
Aggrecan and collagen are key structural components of cartilage tissue.
Aggrecan is a proteoglycan that binds water and provides compressive resistance.
Type II collagen forms the structural framework of the extracellular matrix, providing tensile strength.
Together, they enable cartilage to withstand both compression and mechanical stress.
Energy & Nutrient Replenishment (Reservoir Concept)
During physical activity, energy substrates and nutrients are continuously utilized.
A timely replenishment of carbohydrates, amino acids, and micronutrients supports sustained performance output and helps maintain metabolic stability during prolonged exertion.
Window of Opportunity & Open Window
The “window of opportunity” describes a post-exercise phase in which nutrient uptake and metabolic recovery processes are particularly active.
During this period, glycogen resynthesis and protein utilization are elevated, supporting recovery and adaptation processes.
The “open window” refers to a temporary reduction in immune system readiness following intense exercise, during which the body may be more susceptible to external stressors.
Gelenkfein® (patented formula)
Supports cellular processes associated with cartilage metabolism and joint tissue maintenance.
Knochenstahl® (proprietary formula)
Supports bone-related cellular processes contributing to structural stability and skeletal resilience.
SmartCarer® (IP formula)
Multi-patent formulation designed to support cartilage, bone, connective tissue, and mucosal structures within a comprehensive nutritional concept.
OxyBOOOST® (IP formula)
Contains selected plant-derived compounds associated with oxygen utilization and performance metabolism, including pathways related to VO₂ max.
Nutrigenomics & Nutrigenetics
Nutrigenomics investigates how nutrients influence metabolic activity and gene expression-related processes in living organisms.
The focus is not on altering the genome, but on understanding how nutritional components interact with biological regulatory systems.
Nutrigenetics examines how genetic variations influence individual responses to nutrients, including absorption, metabolism, and utilization.
In short:
- Nutrigenomics = how nutrients influence biological processes
- Nutrigenetics = how genetic differences influence nutrient response